Defining Permafrost

Permafrost is any soil or rock that remains frozen (below 32 F) throughout the year. For a soil to be considered permafrost, it must be frozen for at least two consecutive years or longer. Permafrost can be found in cold climates where the mean annual temperature is less than the freezing point of water. Such climates are found near the North and South poles and in some alpine regions. Soils in Warmer Temperatures Some soils in areas that experience warmer temperatures thaw for a short time during warmer months. The thawing is restricted to the top layer of soil and a permafrost layer remains frozen several inches below the surface. In such areas, the top layer of soil (known as the active layer) warms up enough to enable plants to grow during the summer. The permafrost that lies below the active layer traps water close to the soils surface, making it quite soggy. The permafrost ensures a cool soil temperature, slow plant growth, and slow decomposition. Permafrost Habitats Several soil formations are associated with permafrost habitats. These include polygons, pintos, solifluction, and thermokarst slumping. Polygon soil formations are tundra soils that form geometric shapes (or polygons) and are most noticeable from the air. The polygons form as the soil contracts, cracks, and collects water trapped by the permafrost layer. Pingo Soil Pingo soil formations form when the permafrost layer traps a large amount of water in the soil. When the water freezes, it expands and pushes the saturated earth upward into a large mound or pingo. Solifluction Solifluction is a soil formation process that occurs when thawed soils slide down a slope over the permafrost layer. When this happens, the soils form rippled, wave patterns. When Thermokarst Slumping Occurs Thermokarst slumping occurs in areas that have been cleared of vegetation, usually due to human disturbance and land use. Such disturbance leads to the melting of the permafrost layer and as a result the ground collapses or slumps.

Walt Disney The Monopoly Of Entertainment - 1177 Words

According to the text book a monopoly can be best described as, â€Å"an organizational structure that occurs when a single firm dominates production and distribution in a particular industry, either nationally or locally.† (Campbell, Martin, Fabos) The Walt Disney Company is one of the world’s largest media conglomerate’s which specializes in entertainment. The company overlooks, â€Å"the movie, TV, toys and theme parks business by owning six of the top ten franchises in the world.† (Disney: The Monopoly of Entertainment.) Through all of their services, The Walt Disney Company has impacted and continues to the impact the lives of both children and adults. Walter Elias Disney and his brother Roy founded The Walt Disney Company on October 16, 1923 in Los Angeles. Their journey of success began as they, â€Å"produced a series of short live-action/animated films collectively called the ALICE COMEDIES.† (The Walt Disney Studios-History) Shortly af ter, they relocated to Burbank, California where they headquartered. Their company has expanded tremendously, â€Å"With operations in more than forty countries, our employees and cast members work together to create entertainment experiences that are both universally and locally cherished.† (About - Leadership, Management Team, Global, History, Awards, Corporate Responsibility - The Walt Disney Company) Asia Pacific, Japan, Europe, The Middle East, Africa, and Latin America are the countries where The Walt Disney Company hasShow MoreRelatedWalt Disney Company1730 Words   |  7 PagesThe Walt Disney Company is a diversified international family entertainment and media enterprise business. They have five business segments which are media network, parks and resorts, studio entertainment, consumer products and interactive media. Disney Media Network consists of broadcast, cable, radio, publishing and digital businesses within the Disney/ABC Television Group and ESPN, Inc. Walt Disney Parks and Resorts is comprised of family oriented parks and resorts all around the world. TheyRead MoreValue Alignment1385 Words   |  6 PagesValue Alignment One company recognized worldwide for its family oriented services and performances is The Disney Company. The values instilled by The Disney Company (Disney) are one of the biggest contributers to its success. The following will discuss the origins and subsequent evolution of personal and workplace values and will explain how the individual values drive the actions and behaviors. The paper will also analyze the alignment between persoanl values and actions and behaviors as wellRead MoreAnalysis Of Walt Disneyssnow White 1716 Words   |  7 Pagescompanies in animation is called Walt Disney. This entertainment and media company is situated in almost all continents, excluding Oceania. Usually when we think in Walt Disney, we think in magic films and in the Walt Disney Resort that is situated in Orlando, Florida, but television plays a huge role too. Walt Disney manage diverse media networks; being Freeform, ABC, ESPN and Disney Channel the ones with more recognition. The company w as founded in 1923 by the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio who signedRead MoreEssay on Disney’s Entertainment Empire: Exploiting Innocence908 Words   |  4 Pages Disney is loved by millions of people around the world, but when it is exposed beyond the smiles and the music, Disney is far from being magical. When Americans are asked to describe Disney into words, majority would often reply with energetic responses, such as magical, imaginative, creative, and inspirational. Although Disney’s accomplishments dominated the world of fairy tales and fantasies, many people argue that Disney targeted innocent children for all the wrong reasons. Walt Disney developedRead MoreMovie Analysis : Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs1697 Words   |  7 PagesThrough Disney animations Walt Disney has cultivated a society driven by stereotypes on gender roles that have restricted the liberties of young girls and boys alike to explore their own individuality. Disney s brilliance transcended beyond his ability to captivate an audience, his true talent resided within his ability to leave a direct impact on his viewers. As the prominent academic Jack Zipes pu ts it, The power of Disney s fairytale films does not reside in the uniqueness or novelty of theRead MoreDisney s Role As A Monopoly1578 Words   |  7 Pages Disney is always being bashed about how they portray girls as being beautiful and skinny or how the portray ethnic groups in their movies. Disney also is haggled about being a monopoly and taking over other companies to be the only ones. Disney has been around since 1923, which Walt Disney and his brother started making short films about Mickey Mouse. They began to grow rapidly and eventually became the powerhouse they are today. In this quote by Alexandre Bohas professor at University of ParisRead MoreComic Books And Its Impact On Society1631 Words   |  7 Pagesthought about Comic Books. People might think something for children and teenagers, but not for adults. They are not only wrong about this thought but they also don’t have any knowledge about how comics affected people’s lives and how this kind of entertainment and mass communication have been profitable through the years. Duncan and Smith (2009) assert that comics â€Å"Reach large audience through mass di stribution.† (p.86). It is also a creative way to tell stories and make them interesting and excitingRead MoreDisney World Parks May Sound Like An American Dream1641 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Main Streets of the U.S.A. at Disney World parks may sound like an American Dream, but upon closer examination, the economics of Disney World may leave someone’s stomach more unsettled than the park goers who have eaten four Mickey bars and a jumbo turkey leg. Disney can be easily compared to the roots of a tree, as its company is continuously growing into every area it can absorb from—in this case, absorbing money. Disney has an industry in the entertainment business, the tourism business, theRead Moreâ€Å"Disney Constructs Childhood so as to Make It Entirely Compatible with Consumerism1617 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Disney constructs childhood so as to make it entirely compatible with consumerism† (Smoodin cited in Giroux, 2002; 105). Discuss this statement in re lation to TWO animated films from the Disney canon. The Walt Disney Company is a diversified international entertainment company (Disney, 2010) with ownership of many media outlets including radio, cinema, television and literature as well as consumer products such as stationary and toys. The Disney brand has huge recognition globally especiallyRead MoreThe Walt Disney Company Understanding Monopolies2041 Words   |  9 PagesThe Walt Disney Company Understanding Monopolies Overview and History The Walt Disney Company is a major media and entertainment enterprise that is based in Burbank, California and operates in more than forty countries with a worldwide appeal. After going bankrupt with his first cartoon company Laugh-O-Gram in 1922 Walt Disney moved to Hollywood, California to start over (Campbell, Martin, Fabos 456). Walt and his brother Roy created the Disney Brothers Cartoon studio in 1923 and they signed a contract

Relationship Between The Children And Their Parents †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Relationship Between The Children And Their Parents. Answer: Introduction: One of the most elemental relationships in the society can be considered the relationship between the children and their parents. Despite of love, care and a sense of responsibility, a significant part of the relationship between the children and their parents, is founded on the concept of dependence. It has to be mentioned in this context that, the children depend on their parents for a myriad of resources, for food, shelter, clothing, mostly all the basic necessities of life. However, as the children grow up to be adult human beings, the dependence factor of the relationship is slowly but steadily reduced. In most cases the parents cease from supporting their children with financial resources as they move through their early adulthood. However, the question in this regard can be whether the lack of financial support imparts a detrimental effect on the lives of the adult children and whether the parents should continue to support their children financially even after they are past t he legal age of adulthood (Fingerman et al., 2012). According to a vast majority of research scientists, the importance of familial ties is much more influential than the romantic ties in human life. It has to be mentioned that familial ties are not just multidimensional but are also multidirectional. And for the same purpose the extent of relationship ties on the children and parents have been studied very extensively. However, it has to be mentioned as well, that the extent of responsibility and the extent as the familial ties of the adult children towards their parents have been studied more extensively while the counterpart have not been studied as extensively yet. However, the financial support provided to the children by their parents serves to be one of the most fundamental pillars of their life. Hence when that support is suddenly pulled from their lives, the support system and psychology of the children suffers significantly (Kirkpatrick Johnson, 2013). On the other hand the conventional ideologies in the society dictate that the adult children are ought to provide financial assistance to their parents. However, according to the most of the research analysts and critiques, there is a fundamental law in this societal preconceived notion. There are many instances where the children despite being in the years of early adulthood cannot afford to take financial responsibility of their parents and therefore, such predestined societal expectations complicate the scenario significantly where the extra load responsibilities may potentially affect the relationship status and psychological inclinations in the children towards their parents (Chevalier et al., 2013). If we examine the statistics of the role familial relationships play in the Australian context, it can be stated that when people felt their financial resources to be dwindling and their own earnings are not sufficient to keep them afloat, the support from the family helps in elevat ing the stress and overcoming the challenges that low financial strength imposes on day to day life. in such situations, financial support from the parents to their adult children have been proved to be one of the most supportive factors in the lives of the adults and contributes significantly on maintaining the lifestyle standards of the children (Wightman et al,, 2013). One of the most important elements that have the maximal impact on the issue under consideration is the fact that parental obligation for providing financial support to the children is slowly diminished as the children become adults. However, many of the authors have indicated this preconceived societal notion to be wrong and rather detrimental to the psychological wellbeing of the children. According to Daatland, Herlofson Lima, (2011), withdrawing parental financial support in the young adulthood can facilitate many hardships in the lives of the children. It has to be understood that most of the young adults pursue higher education in this phase of life, and parental financial support provides the massive chunk of financial stability in their life. On a similar note, Padilla-Walker, Nelson Carroll, 2012, argued this phase of early adulthood to be a semi-independent phase in their lives when they still are trying to get enough educational qualifications that will enable them to be completely financially independent. If parental financial support is withdrawn in that stage, the children have been seen to discontinue pursuing higher education and the lifestyle standard of the children is compromised. And often these children are found to move astray towards the darker side of life. Elaborating on this issue a bit more, it can be considered that in most cases where when children earn according to the basic lifestyle standards in the adulthood, they delve to the darker side of the society, whether trying to make more money by improper means or decide to quit trying. A vast proportion of the young adult suicide rates can be linked to the fact that they could not afford to financially support themselves on their own and without getting any support, delve towards suicidal tendencies. Along with that, tendencies towards recreational drugs can also be associated with the inability of young adults to support themselves financially (Hamilton, 2013). Now, another important issue to the fact is that young adult children receive differential extent of support depending on the socio-economic status of the family that they belong to. Studies have revealed that children from upper class or middle class families receive higher financial support than the support that children of lower or working class families get. According to the studies by Beijersbergen et al., (2012), most of the children who do not receive financial support in the early adulthood belong to families that lack financial stability. The pressure of maintaining financial stability is seen to force the children to leave their education abruptly. Hence, based on the information that is available in the published journal it can be interpreted that the impact of parental financial support is extremely important for the overall wellbeing of the young adult children. However it has to be understood there is a significant gap in the literature, and one of the most important sectors in this idea can be the fact that the previous research studies have only focussed on the need for parental financial support and how it is imperative for the wellbeing of children (Hartnett et al., 2013). However, there is significant detrimental impact of extended financial support from parents on the financial independence of the children. Excessive parental support can lead to children not feeling the need for financial independence and their dependency can continue to increase. In such scenarios it is very important to standardize parental financial support to their children, so that an age bar can be identified beyond which the children can be hop ed to attain financial stability and parental financial support can be withdrawn without potentially causing any harm to the well being of the children (Leonard, 2013). Along with that, changes in parental perception are another key issue that has not been explored in previous researches. As the extent of support depends on the perception of the parents regarding the need for financial support on the lives of their children, this research study will attempt to explore whether children ought to provide financial support to parents during financial difficulty or parents needs to provide financial support to children during financial difficulty. Discussion The main intention of this research was to explore peoples insight regarding the norm of extending support to family members during financial crisis. Research on this topic came from the explanation of filial obligations and parental obligations in family norms. Filial obligation was related to responsibility of children to provide financial help to parents during financial difficulties whereas parental obligations was defined as the parents duty to extend financial support to their children when they face financial issues in life (Daatland, Herlofson Lima, 2011). The research question for the study was related to these two obligations as it aimed to explore whether people favour filial obligations or parental obligations in times of financial difficulties. The main expectation from the survey results was to gain useful information regarding support for filial or parental obligations and the character of filial norms or parental norms in different age groups and gender. The t-test o f the participants response mainly revealed that participants were more in favour of children providing support to parents financially rather than parents supporting children financially. However, the most critical aspect of this response is to determine the relationship between age of participants and their response to the research question. Analysing this aspect of the result was critical because there are some people who feel that parental support and attention is important for children till adolescence whereas other people feel that parents are responsible for children even when they reach adulthood (Jones, 2014). The statistical analysis of the results in the context of examining the relationship between age of participants and their response to survey questionnaire revealed a positive relationship between age and level of disagreement that children should support parents financially. This implies that with increase in age, participants gave less agreement to the fact that children should support parents financially. On the contrary, increase in age was linked with greater support for parental obligations for supporting their children financially. This is indeed a significant opinion, however it also points out to the inconsistency in research outcome. For instance, the overall response favours that children should support their parents financially, however there is a need to identify why increase in age of participants is associated with less agreement for children supporting their parents financially. This means that there must be a link to cultural factors, family background and economic b ackground of the participants that might be changing the opinion of participants with age. For instance, some adult children might be financially dependent on their parents due to low esteem and issues of depression and social anxiety in their life (Cohen, Mannarino Deblinger, 2016). On the other hand, parents with a strong financial background may not rely on financial support and they might have inculcated the same values to their children that everyone needs to be independent. Level of affection might also be a factor that encourages parents to support children financially all the time (Neal Hammer, 2017). The strength of the research procedure is that questions were tactically designed to analyse the factors that affect response of participants in relation to the research question. For instance, question 13 and 21 focused on evaluating the rationale behind supporting parental or filial obligation and the options provided to participants included history of relationship between parent and children, level of affection between parent and child, importance of fostering independence and the financial circumstances of the adult. According to conventional view, all parents who bring a child into existence are obligated to care for their child at times. This view about parental obligations is given in studies mainly in the context of rearing the child and caring for them during their upbringing (Swartz OBrien, 2016). However, there is lack of insight regarding how the role may reverse once their child grows into a financially independent and mature adult. The main significant of this researc h is that survey with participants between age group of 18 to 77 years has clarified whether the role of parents has reversed or not. The relationship between parental obligation to their adult children and vice versa in different contexts have been tactically explored by the survey questionnaire 13 and 21. In this context, the highest response was found in the level of affection between parents followed by parents financials circumstances. This is also consistent with Schwarz et al., (2005) opinion that parent-child relationship is characterized by emotional bond and frequent contact. Hence, support given to parents has links with norms and values of child and the quality of relationship between parent-child. The survey was successful in finding out whether filial obligation or parental obligation is favoured by participants. In addition, exploring the outcome related to the relationship of the response with age of participants was an effective step as it helped to explore the transition from foster care to emerging adulthood and the quality of intimate relationship between parent-child. The relationship between less agreement for children supporting parents with increasing age is also understood from Kirkpatrick Johnson, (2013) study as it discussed about the diversifying transition to adulthood and longer time taken by young people to achieve financial independence. In this context, the positive relation between age and disagreement with children obligation to provide financial support to parents is justified. In addition, young generation today remain in semi-independent state for a longer time due to high investment in higher education and job training. For this reason, seeking financ ial assistance from parents for a longer age is justified. The benefits of conducting research in the area of filial obligation and parental obligation is that it has helped to explore the changes in parent-child relationship, perception of family values and perception of independence with time and cultural context. The participants response has favoured that children should financially support their parents and this is reflective that relationship bond and family values favour such response. The role of parenting has been found critical in inculcating family values and family support in young children. For instance, Chen, Wu, (2016) has discussed that filial piety is a culture specific concept where emotional and material support offered to children is embedded in the sociocultural context of family interdependence. Positive correlation exists between filial piety and reduced parent-child conflict. Hence, from the psychological point of view, this outcome may help psychologist to address conflicting issues in parent-child relationship and counsel both depressed children and parents regarding improving their relationship in life. This is because they can understand the psychological dynamics behind the childrens actions for providing financial support to their parents and vice versa. In terms of methodological challenges in conducting the research, it can be said that difference in age group of participants increased the analytical work for the study. This is because all data needed to precisely analyse with respect to age. One limitation is that four people did not reveal their age However, in a sample of 284 adults, it may have negligible effects. Another limitation of this study is that health issues of parents or their children were not included in survey questionnaire. This might have affected the response of participants because research has showed that children with mental illness or depression are likely to require more financial support from parents (Hazel et al., 2014). Hence, future research should focus on this area to enhance the transferability of the research. Another limitation is that the study cannot be replicated in other countries because in countries in Asia and Africa, adults are expected to financially support their aging parents and resear ch done in these countries would have given contrasting results. Despite this limitation, finding will also contribute to important implications for informing parenting practice. This is because developmental outcomes of children is affected by the parenting support given to them in their early years of life. Reciprocal filial piety will develop positive development outcomes and values in children and parents may be educated about the importance of effective parenting in developing supportive norm and family values in their children. This is likely to foster positive parent-child relationship References Beijersbergen, M. D., Juffer, F., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2012). Remaining or becoming secure: Parental sensitive support predicts attachment continuity from infancy to adolescence in a longitudinal adoption study.Developmental psychology,48(5), 1277. Chen, W. W., Wu, C. W., Yeh, K. H. (2016). How parenting and filial piety influence happiness, parentchild relationships and quality of family life in Taiwanese adult children.Journal of Family Studies,22(1), 80-96. Chevalier, A., Harmon, C., OSullivan, V., Walker, I. (2013). The impact of parental income and education on the schooling of their children.IZA Journal of Labor Economics,2(1), 8. Cohen, J. A., Mannarino, A. P., Deblinger, E. (2016).Treating trauma and traumatic grief in children and adolescents. Guilford Publications. Daatland, S. O., Herlofson, K., Lima, I. A. (2011). Balancing generations: on the strength and character of family norms in the West and East of Europe.Ageing Society,31(7), 1159-1179. Fingerman, K. L., Cheng, Y. P., Wesselmann, E. D., Zarit, S., Furstenberg, F., Birditt, K. S. (2012). Helicopter parents and landing pad kids: Intense parental support of grown children.Journal of Marriage and Family,74(4), 880-896. Hamilton, L. T. (2013). More is more or more is less? Parental financial investments during college.American Sociological Review,78(1), 70-95. Hartnett, C. S., Furstenberg, F. F., Birditt, K. S., Fingerman, K. L. (2013). Parental support during young adulthood: Why does assistance decline with age?.Journal of family issues,34(7), 975-1007. Hazel, N. A., Oppenheimer, C. W., Technow, J. R., Young, J. F., Hankin, B. L. (2014). Parent relationship quality buffers against the effect of peer stressors on depressive symptoms from middle childhood to adolescence.Developmental psychology,50(8), 2115. Johnson, M. D., Galambos, N. L. (2014). Paths to intimate relationship quality from parentadolescent relations and mental health.Journal of Marriage and Family,76(1), 145-160. Jones, L. P. (2014). The role of social support in the transition from foster care to emerging adulthood.Journal of Family Social Work,17(1), 81-96. Kirkpatrick Johnson, M. (2013). Parental financial assistance and young adults' relationships Leonard, J. (2013). Maximizing college readiness for all through parental support.School Community Journal,23(1), 183. Neal, M. B., Hammer, L. B. (2017).Working couples caring for children and aging parents: Effects on work and well-being. Psychology Press. Padilla-Walker, L. M., Nelson, L. J., Carroll, J. S. (2012). Affording emerging adulthood: Parental financial assistance of their college-aged children.Journal of Adult Development,19(1), 50-58. Schwarz, B., Trommsdorff, G., Albert, I., Mayer, B. (2005). Adult parentchild relationships: Relationship quality, support, and reciprocity.Applied Psychology,54(3), 396-417. Swartz, T. T., OBrien, K. B. (2016). Intergenerational support during the transition to adulthood.Routledge Handbook of Youth and Young Adulthood, 205. Wightman, P. D., Patrick, M., Schoeni, R. F., Schulenberg, J. E. (2013). Historical trends in parental financial support of young adults.Population Studies Center Research Report, (13-801).

Mailbox Rule Essay Example For Students

Mailbox Rule Essay Mailbox Rule Discussing Development Application of Mailbox Rule I. Introduction In the Common Law system, â€Å"the Mailbox Rule is an alternate term for the Postal Rule; when mailed, an acceptance of an offer to contract is valid from the moment it is deposited into a mailbox; on dispatch. † The Mailbox rule is an exception to the general rule that a contract is created when acceptance is directly communicated to the offeror. The mailbox rule provides that the contract is formed when the letter of acceptance is placed in the mailbox. This rule was established by the case of Adams v. Lindsell (1818) B Ald 68. In this case, Judge Law said that if that were true, it would be impossible to complete any contract through the post; if the defendants were not bound by their offer until the answer was received, then the plaintiffs would not be bound until they had received word that the defendants had received their acceptance, and this could go on indefinitely. Instead it must be considered that the offerers were making the offer to the plaintiffs during every moment that the letter was in the post . Later, the Mailbox rule was confirmed in Dunlop v Higgins (1848) 1 HL Cas 381 and Henthorn v Fraser . In addition, the Mailbox rule applies only to acceptance. In Household Fire Insurance Company v Grant (1879), the court ruled that the Mailbox rule only applies to acceptance. Later, the case of Stevenson v McLean (1880) 5 QBD 346 confirmed other contractual letters (such as the revoking offer) don’t take effect until the letter is delivered . As regards to this rule, we also need to pay attention to the fact that a letter is regarded as â€Å"posted† only when it is in the possession of the Post Office, which was established in the case of Re London Northern Bank 1 Ch 220. The letter must be put into the post box or the hands of someone authorized to collect not deliver mail, which means a letter of acceptance is not considered â€Å"posted† if it is handed to an agent to deliver, such as a courier . The Mailbox Rule is based on the theory that when an offer is sent by mail, the acceptance may also be allowed to be sent through the same medium, and because the offeree cannot control the mail when the acceptance is put into the mailbox, the contract will be formed when the acceptance is mailed. II. Drawbacks of Mailbox Rule 1. The Mailbox rule gives a heavier burden to the offeror. In modern business, the most significant advantage of the Mailbox rule is that this rule promotes the conclusion of the deal to be reached rapidly. However, based on the Mailbox rule, the offeror has to be restricted by the acceptance in the situation when they do not receive the acceptance. That means when the mail of acceptance is delayed or lost, the risk is shifted to the offeror, which was established by the case of Household Fire Insurance v Grant (1879) . That is too harsh to safeguard the interests of the offeror. 2. The Mailbox rule deprives the right of the offeree to withdraw the acceptance. As regards to the effectiveness of acceptance, there are two principles in modern law systems. In the Civil Law system, the effectiveness of acceptance follows to the Receipt rule , which allows the offeree to withdraw the acceptance only if the withdrawal of notification prior to the acceptance of the offer reached the offeror because the acceptance is effective only when it reaches the offeror. In the Common Law system, the effectiveness of acceptance conforms to the Mailbox rule. Under the Mailbox rule, the offeree has no right to withdraw the acceptance because the contract is created when the acceptance is mailed. Lord of the Flies Analysis EssayHowever, although the Mailbox rule has been improved expressly, how to correctly apply this rule is still a problem for parties of the contract because the Mailbox rule has become more complex than it was before and still has some drawbacks (there is no complete perfect law), such as if sending the acceptance before the rejection, the offeree cannot revoke the disadvantage acceptance. Certainly, requiring every party to exactly operate this rule is impossible. While if the parties follow basic several rules below, the risk of the Mailbox rule could be reduced expressly. 1. The establishment of modern contract law is based on the principle of party autonomy. The parties of a contract should fully use this rule, complying with Jus cogens. The offeror can set the Receipt rule in offers reasonably. The judge and court will respect the will of the parties as much as they can because parties’ will is the base of the contract. 2. The purposes of parties should be to promote the accomplishment of trade. The intention of modern contract law is to promote and protect the trade not limit and destroy the trade. Therefore, the judgment should benefit operating a trade. 3. The offerors and offerees should hold good faith during the processes of offer and acceptance under considering the circumstances with caution. Protecting the interests of parties with good faith is the basic principle of law. The court would consider the subjective intention. Generally, the developing trend of contract law is to respect the will of parties and encourage trade. Only if the parties express their trading will with a cautious attitude and good faith, will the drawbacks of Mailbox rule not be a barrier for creating a contract. Reference . Adams v. Lindsell (1818) http://www. west. et/~smith/Adams_v_Lindsell. htm . Netorked Knowledge – Contract Law Casenotes (Stevenson Jaques Co. v McLean (1880) 5 QBD 346 Queen’s Bench Division) http://netk. net. au/Contract/Stevenson. asp . Re London Northern Bank http://aquariumsupplies. co. za/bank6/re-london-and-northern-bank-1900. html . Court of Appeal, Household Fire Insurance v. Grant (1879) 4 Ex D 216 http://www. docstoc. com/docs/18606838/household-fire-insurance-v-grant-(1879)-4- ex-d-216/ . Teach an Old UCC Dog New Tricks http://www. abanet. org/buslaw/blt/2008-09-10/nicholas. shtml . CISG: Table of Contracting States ttp://www. cisg. law. pace. edu/cisg/countries/cntries. html . Holwell Securities v. Hughes http://instruct. uwo. ca/law/410-003/holwell. html . Contract (fourth edition), by Brian A. Blum, page76 http://books. google. com/books? id=Sdzvbez9Gx0Cpg=PA77lpg=PA77dq=mailbox+rule++rejection++offersource=blots=lthl8WwigZsig=ZzgITuOKKbntQboiqAGdhMygIXEhl=enei=b0bRS_OCLI2CNpDWpIMOsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=6ved=0CBUQ6AEwBTge#v=onepageq=mailbox%20rule%20%20rejection%20%20offerf=false . Contract Law – Reject of Offer http://www. lawofcontract. co. uk/formation/rejection-of-offer. php

A Summary Ion Channels In The NerveCell free essay sample

A Drumhead: Ion Channelss In The Nerve-Cell Membrane Essay, Research Paper A Drumhead: Ion Channelss in the Nerve-Cell Membrane In this article, Richard D. Keynes inside informations the workings of ion channels in nervus cell membranes. Nerve urges ( action potencies ) are the unit by which information travels in an being? s nervous system, and the coevals of this action potency is dependent on the nervus membrane being permeable to ions which in bend makes said membrane excitable. Electrical activity of a nervus is triggered by a depolarisation across the membrane and this besides causes the Na channels to open and let Na ions to flux inward due the electrochemical gradient. Finally, the membrane potency falls to zero, the Na channels near, and K channels open leting K ions back in to the cell therefore reconstructing the resting potency. It is this exchange of ions that provided the immediate energy for the extension of a nervus urge. We will write a custom essay sample on A Summary Ion Channels In The NerveCell or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The experimental technique that illustrated the different activities and timing of the gap and shutting of Na and K channels was the usage of voltage-clamps. Voltage-clamps allowed research workers to keep an axon at a preset membrane potency and observe the behaviour of the ion channels at those degrees. Voltage-clamping has besides been employed in the survey of the selectivity of ion channels. Bertil Hille collected grounds of four energy barriers in a Na channel that prevent other ions from go throughing through and merely let one Na ion through at a clip. The highest of these barriers consequences from the fact that Na ions readily lose their stabilizing H2O molecules when they interact with the ionised carboxylic acid groups in the channel wall and are therefore able to go through through the channel. On the other manus, the larger K ions do non interact right with the carboxylic acid group and hence can non overcome the energy barrier to go through through. Hille besides proposed that the negatively charged and conformational belongingss of the molecules in the Na channel besides contribute to its selectivity. Two of import tools in the survey of Na channels and their voltage-sensitive gating mechanism have been the nervus toxicants, tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin. These two toxins bind specifically to sodium channels and efficaciously barricade them. Because merely one molecule of each toxin binds to each Na channel, these toxins were used in a bio-assay to number the figure of Na channels on the membrane of an axon. Consequences proved that little axons have the fewer Na channels per square micron than big axons. This consequence besides satisfied old computations of how many channels would be necessary to obtain the maximal conductivity speed in a 500 micron axon. Tetro dotoxin has besides been tremendously valuable in the survey of ionic gating. The mechanism that controls the gap and shutting of ion channels involves the motion of charged atoms that result in a little charge supplanting. However since this gating Ayele, 2 current is so much smaller that the ionic current through the channel, it was about impossible to mensurate. Tetrodotoxin enables this measuring by barricading the Na channels ( K ions are besides blocked in this experiment ) and halting the ionic current, while still leting the gap and shutting of the Na channels. Using this technique, the gating current was found to lift and so fall to zero when the ( about ) three or four charged atoms reached their new constellation. The mechanism that closes the Na channels was found to be electrically soundless. Sodium channels appear to hold three operational provinces. They are either at remainder, carry oning, or inactivated. The molecular theoretical account of a Na channel has non yet been described nevertheless. This is due the many complexnesss of the channel including its complex dynamicss, and hydrophobic and hydrophilic proteins, that make analysing the channel molecules hard. Potassium channels, while merely every bit of import as Na channels, are even more hard to analyze. This is due the fact that there is no parallel of tetradotoxin for K channels, and because their gap has a 10 2nd hold, and is much slower than that of Na channels. This makes gating current measurings about impossible to obtain. However, some surveies on electrical noise have provided the estimation that there is possibly one K channel for every 10 Na channels in an axon? s membrane. There are three types of currents described in the article: ionic current, gating current, and displacement current. Ionic current is the step of the charge flow that consequences from the motion of ions ( Na and K ) through ion channels in the cell membrane, and involves 100 Na ions in one nervus urge. The gating current is much smaller than the ion current, it merely involves the transportation of about four electronic charges, and it is the step of the gating atoms as they move to their? open? constellation. The gating current is induced by depolarisation of the nervus cell. The displacement current in a nervus cell is composed largely of the gating current but is besides partially due to the, ? bear downing and discharging of the big inactive capacity of the membrane. ? This current is recorded when the potency of a voltage-clamped cell is all of a sudden altered with a pulsation. By comparing the displacement current values ensuing from hyperpolarizing and depolarising pulsation s, the gating current can be deducted from the entire displacement current.

analysis of ethan frome essays

analysis of ethan frome essays Ethan Frome is a story of ill-fated love, set during the winter in the rural New England town of Starkfield. Ethan is a farmer who is married to a sickly woman named Zeena. The two live in trapped, unspoken resentment on Ethan's isolated and failing farm. Ethan has been caring for his wife for six years now. Due to Zeena's numerous ailments they employ her cousin, the animated Mattie Silver, to help in the house. With Mattie's youthful presence and attitude in the house, Ethans bitterness of his youth's lost opportunities and the dissatisfaction with his life and empty marriage are reawaken. This resentment leads to Ethan and Mattie in turn, falling in love. However, they never follow their love due to Ethan's morals and the respect he has for his marriage to Zeena. Ethan eagerly awaits the nights when he is able to walk Mattie home from the town dances. He cherishes the ground she walks on and would do anything for her. After a visit to the doctor, Zeena is told that she needs more appreciable hired help. Thus, she decides to send her incompetent cousin away and hire a new one. Ethan and Mattie are desperate to stay together. However, Ethan's lack of financial means and Zeenas health are the deciding factors that will never allow him to leave Starkfield to be with his love. When the two are unable to find any plausible solutions to this issue, Ethan and Mattie decide to commit suicide by sledding into a tree. They figure it is the only way they can be together. The attempt fails, and the two are left paralyzed. Now Ethan's wife must care for the two for the rest of their lives. There were many themes found in Ethan Frome, but the greatest of them all is loneliness and isolation. In college Ethan acquired the nickname "Old Stiff" because he rarely went out with the boys. Once he returned to the farm to care for his parents, he couldn't go out wi ...

Allied strategy in WWII for campaign on mainland Italy Essay

Allied strategy in WWII for campaign on mainland Italy - Essay Example We are raising a generation of young people who are historically illiterate to a large degree. Everything we have--our institutions, our material advantages, our laws, our freedom, not to say our poetry...music and...architecture--all comes to us from people who went before us. And to not know anything about them, to be indifferent to them, which is even worse than being ignorant...is...really...mass ingratitude1. The allied invasion of mainland Italy began in September 1943. General Harold Alexander's 15th Army Group was responsible for starting this invasion. The first step was invasion of Sicily. This was completed successfully during the campaign. How did it all start After the defeat in North Africa, the differences between the axis powers began to grow. The next strategic step of the allied forces was now not clear. Winston Churchill said the next step should be to invade Italy. He wanted to remove the influence of Regia Marina on Italy. The invasion of Italy would open the routes for the allied forces to enter the Mediterranean. The entrance in the Mediterranean was important as later on it could give way to the allied forces to enter Middle East and Far East. Another important reason for this was the increase in supply from America and Britain. This invasion would also help stop Germans who were planning to execute operation Overload. Operation overload was about invading Normandy. General George Marshall was against this operation. He did not want to delay the operation overload in any circumstances. However, when no solution could be made and differences started to grow, it was planned that first Sicily should be invaded . Joint Allied Forces Headquarters AFHQ planned out all of this operation. They ordered the invasion of Sicily and the Italian mainland. Operation Husky, or in other words the invasion of Sicily began in July 1943. It was a very successful operation. Many of the allied forces escaped to the mainland Italy. Benito Mussolini was overthrown by a rebellion. He was the head of the Italian government. The actions were quick and swift. They thought that Italy would surrender if a quick invasion is done. However, they did not know that Italians and Germans together will be very strong. Even after Berlin was invaded, the Italians put up really good. The allied forces were now in a difficult position. They now had to provide food and other supplies to the troops in Italy. Germany was putting up resistance too. In fact it was because of the Germans that the Italians felt so strong. Even though Germans whole economy was at war too, they were putting up a lot of resistance. According to Milward "here was little that was new and less that was orderly in the New Order"3.Solely in economic terms, the new German Empire in Europe would have been a large-scale structure organized for, and run on the principles of, a colonialism of the crudest kind. Germany's economic policy toward occupied countries can in essence be summed up in two terms: exploitation and colonization. "Anti-Semitism as a political movement neither can nor should be based on fleeting emotions, but on the acceptance of

Local Cycling strategy and promotion Assignment

Local Cycling strategy and promotion - Assignment Example Local Cycling strategy and promotion: The former strategy is focused on developing a transportation system that is balanced and safe for bicycles as well. This plan includes the strategies for next 30 years. The later strategy is focused on promoting and establishing the fact that bicycles are safe, popular and accepted transportation and recreational mode. Components of Perth Bicycle Network: The two main local transport networks that come under the jurisdiction of PBN are: 1) Local bicycle routes 2) Principal transport routes Local bicycle routes: This concept is focused on making every street reasonable and safe for bicycle which includes linking quite residential streets by making them safer, attractive and continuous for longer journeys too. The routes developed under the local strategy should have proper pavement markings which do not require the cyclists to hold a map along for navigational guidance. These routes require low cost for implementation and have higher usage. Principle transport routes: This route is dual and of high standard as it includes full separation with lighting in order to ensure safe journey for users. It offers comprehensive and high safety to cyclists as it provides complete separation from motor traffic due to high standard of designing. These routes are generally found in freeway reserves and suburban railway. Although under this strategy, the existing paths and roads network has been improved but there are still some deficiencies. These problems are due to lack of maintenance generally. The hindrance in this strategy and its implementation is due to the development of facilities that are unsuitable to the cycling network development. Following are the problems that require immediate action: 1) Traffic calming leads to the squeeze points 2) Lack of maintenance 3) Kerb ramps of unfriendly nature 4) Traffic signals with unresponsive sensors 5) Dangerous and rough drainage grates 6) hindrance in the use of dual paths 7) spills on the road 8) green routes unsafe due to changes 9) design problems of underpasses and bridges All these issues need consultations with local government and development of different projects would be required for countering these issues (Garrard and Rissel, 2006). Implementation of the network: This is the stage which is focused on developing the route continuity by su ccessive upgrading in the next two stages. Stage one will offer the continuous bicycle routes for allowing access throughout the network by ensuring safety. The second stage will provide increased safety and service level along with enhancing the network. The third and final stage will focus on developing ultimate network by considering and eliminating issues like grade-separation, generic issues, parking facilities, cycle lockers and expansion. Bike Ahead: Bicycle Strategy for the 21st Century (Western Australia) Cycling is increasingly becoming an essential transportation mode in Western Australia. Cycling no more is considered a recreational activity but an alternative for people who cannot drive or own a motor vehicle. The basic document, Metropolitan Transport Strategy (1995), focuses on the importance of alternatives to motor car. Bike Ahead on the other hand suggests several actions required to prove the importance of cycle by ensuring that people would have access to high li ver of services, goods and activities without sacrificing the environment. Perth Bikeplan of 1985 had

DISNEYLAND IN QATAR Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

DISNEYLAND IN QATAR - Case Study Example Market segmentation and target market have been analyzed as part of market analysis. These will form the basis for the development of positioning strategies that are necessary for the appropriate marketing mix to be achieved. The 4ps, which represents Product, Place, Price and Promotion, have been discussed as part of the marketing mix that will be significant for the theme park to establish a unique position in the Qatari market. The strategic fit between the company’s capabilities, resources and the opportunity has been discussed. These are indicators of competitiveness that justify the need for expansion in to the Qatari market. The implementation plan highlights the chronology of events that will lead to the establishment of a fully functional theme park in Qatar. It has been included in the marketing plan as a significant lead to the implementation of proposed activities to accomplish particular objectives over a particular period of time. Each activity corresponds to an objective and output. The implementation plan indicates that establishment and functioning of the theme park will take a period of 14 months. The control strategies that will be employed have been highlighted. These are the actions that the management will be involved in to ensure that the objectives are accomplished according to the implementation plan. Introduction... Disneyland will establish a 500 hectare park with 10 divisions offering different entertainment activities including horse rides, music, live plays, video and wildlife viewing as well as nature trails. This marketing plan aims at maintaining annual revenue of $3 billion. This will be equivalent to 30% of all revenue generated by all five existing Disney’s theme parks in 2011 (White, 2004). Objectives 1. Maintaining 24 hour services during peak season to maintain high sales 2. Increasing the time customers spend in the park through offering half day free for every two days spent at Disneyland during off-peak 3. Promoting institutional visitation by offering special cost reduction during off-peak 4. Encouraging visitation by locals through discounts 5. Establish customer relation management (CRM) to enable the management to keep in touch with clients 6. To increase income by taking advantage of increased number of customers and tourists as a result of Qatar being the host for FI FA Word Cup in 2022 Mission The overall mission of the organization is to maintain leadership among the global providers of entertainment, and more specifically to establish an ultra modern theme park that will outshine any other theme park in the Qatari entertainment industry. The new theme park in Qatar will offer customer focused services to ensure that people get the best value for their money. Market Analysis Market Segmentation Market segmentation has been an important tool for the success of Disneyland theme parks. It involves division of the market in to various segments that consist of groups of consumers with common characteristics. This practice allows the management to know the

ABCDE Approach for Critically Ill Patients

ABCDE Approach for Critically Ill Patients The topic I have chosen for my vignette is a patient with chest pain. The Resuscitation Council (UK 2006) recommends that clinical staff should follow the ABCDE approach when assessing and treating critically ill patients. This will help to identify the deterioration of critically ill patients.With this in mind, it is important that patients presenting with cardiovascular conditions are promptly assessed and treated. Here I am following an ABCDE assessment on a patient with chest pain. The 58-year-old (anonymous) male patient admitted with chest pain, 8hours after the onset of the symptoms. Initially patient was thinking it is heartburn and been taken gaviscon and paracetamol. As I went to see the patient, I introduced myself and checked identity by asking the name.Patient is able to communicate.This incates that the airway is patent. Patient is looking pale and in short of breath. Complaining of heaviness and crushing pain around the chest radiating to left arm. Sat patient upright position and checked breathing. Respiratory rate is 20bpm. (9-14bpm is normal resp rate-bts guidelines). The pattern of the breathing is normal, the movement of the chest wall is equal, and symmetrical.SaO2 checked is, 95% on room air. (Above 94%is normal or 88%-92% for those with resp problem (copd) BTS 2008).I administered 35% oxygen via venturi mask. Supplemental oxygen therapy is important to maintain adequate oxygen levels in the tissues and organs when patients experiencing pain and shortness of breath. (Critical care assessment booklet) Patients peripheries are cold and clammy.this indicates poorly perfused tissues. Pressed on patients finger for 5 seconds to check the capillary refill time.(in health,initial blanching should disappear within 2seconds of releasing pressure(Athern and Philpot 2002).CRT is 4 seconds. delayed CRT indicates poor perfusion(Lima and Bakker 2005). checked radial pulse is tachycardic 114bpm.rate is regular. A manual pulse should always checked, as machines that measure heart rate tend to give an averaged value and therefore do not pickup irregularities or arterial insufficiency (Torrance and Elley, 1997).HR is above systolic blood pressure indicating that patient having cardiac problem. Blood pressure is 101/54 mmhg, Temp 36 deg. Patient was very restless due to pain. Obtained ECG and showing small elevation in the ST segment in standard leads.ST elevation is the first sign of infarction. This happens when myocardium injured. ECG is showing Acute Myocardial infarction. Pain relief is the first priority, as uncontrolled pain increases sympathetic stimulation, which leads to increased myocardial oxygen consumption. This can further aggravate the ischemia (T Moore P Woodrow). Informed doctor about patients condition. Inserted cannula and taken bloods for troponin t and routine investigation fbc, ues, coagulation profile. Doctor arrived and examined the patient, advised to give GTN spray and Diamorphine injection (GTN generates nitric oxide that is Vasoprotective.Nitrovasodilators act primarily to dilate veins and therefore has a major effect on reducing the filling pressures of the heart. This helps to reduce myocardial contraction, wall stress, oxygen demands .It is short acting, and its effects last up to 30 minutes. The sublingual route is preferred as this avoids metabolism by the liver which reduces the drug concentration (H Chummun,KGopaul,A. Lutchman 2009) Diamorphine injection 5mg intravenously given .This is both potent analgesic and has pos itive hemodynamic effects particularly,vasodialatation which reduces the myocardial oxygen demand. Metochlorpromide 10mg intravenously (Antiemetic) given along with opiates to minimize nausea, a side effect of opiates therapy. Aspirin and Clopidogrel 300mg given .These are antiplatelet drugs ,decrease the platelet aggregation and inhibit thrombus formation in the arterial circulation ,because in faster-flowing vessels,throbi are composed mainly of platelets with little fibrin. (BNF 2010) Patient is not thrombolysed with streptokinase injection, because the late presentation and later administration is less effective outcome. Currently most protocols advocate a time window of 6hrs from the onset of pain during which it is appropriate to give thrombolytics.After this time it is usually considered that the risk of the drug outweigh the limited benefit gained(MrBassets and Mr Makins). Reassessed vital signs and pain. The pain is easing off slightly, scoring 2.respiratory rate 16bpm , HR 98bpm BP 112/68,CRT 2. Patients condition is improving. Pain assessment is a priority because continued pain is a symptom of ongoing MI, which places additional risk on myocardial tissue (Urden et al, 2002). Repeat Diamorphine injection given as advised by doctor. Closely observed the patient, monitored breathing and oxygen saturation. Oxygen therapy continued, because it is important to assist the myocardial tissue to continue its pumping activity and to repair the damaged tissue around the site of the infarct (Sole et al, 2001).No shortness of breath at present. Repeat ECG taken in 15 minutes interval for assessment of dysrhythmias and it is noninvasive, well tolerated by patients and provides continuous information about the heart (Docherty and Douglas, 2003). Patients blood sugar checked and it is 6.7mmol.patient has no diabetic history. Patient is very anxious and worried. Anxiety can play a role in acute MI. It may affect the development of further heart disease, further morbidity or prognosis, health care use and rehabilitation. (Crow et al,1996, Januzzi et al 2000).I reassured patient. Anxiety management is assigned a high priority in the early management of Acute MI. Doctor discussed with family about present condition and treatment. Family member who are anxious or upset about the patients condition may heighten patient anxiety, research suggest that family members should provide with information to meet their needs to reduce family anxiety (Quinn et al 1996).Doctor explained to the family about patients diagnosis and treatment. Heart rate monitored continuously by attaching telemetry. This helps to identify cardiac arrhythmias. Vitals signs and pain score recorded regularly. Recognizing the signs of clinical deterioration and taking appropriate timely action can be a vital part of providing optimal patient care. The clinical signs of critical illness usually reflect compromised respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological function.The underlying aim of the initial interventions should be seen as a holding measure to keep the patient alive,and produces some clinical improvement ,in order that definitive treatment may be initiated(Nolan et al,2005).

The fellowship of the ring :: essays research papers

The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, by J.R.R. Tolkien, is the first book in the fantasy-based trilogy of the Lord of the Rings. The book begins with Bilbo Baggins celebrating his one hundred and eleventh birthday. After his party, he then decides to leave everything behind and join a Fellowship, which has a task of destroying the ruling ring, which will give supreme power to whoever has possession of it. Just before he leaves, Gandalf asks Bilbo for this ring. Due to the power in which the ring possesses while it is in his possession, he does not want to give it up. The novel ends with the destruction of the Fellowship due to the power in which the ring contains. One of the prime facts of the Middle Earth is power. Power is not neutral, but is always evil. It gives wicked the chance to dominate. The good is corrupting and inescapable. This is shown repeatedly throughout the novel, from when Bilbo gives up the ring, to when Boromir tries to take the ring, and finally, t o seeing the control that the ring has over Frodo. One incident in the book, which corresponds with how power is evil, would be when Bilbo had to give up the Ring. The ring is very powerful. The power is so enticing that Bilbo is very weary to give up that ring. When Gandalf asks Bilbo if he wishes to give up the ring, Bilbo seems unsure saying yes and no. When it came to having to give it up he didn't like parting with it at all and didn't see why he should have to . Due to the power in which Bilbo feels that the ring had given him, he doesn't want to part with it. By no means does Bilbo want to use the power in an evil manner to dominate all. It is just the thought of power itself that causes this greed to come over him. Although Bilbo in general is a good character, the power of ring corrupts his ways, showing his thirst for power, which he deserves. Another incident, which portrays this corruption of goodness to evil, is when Boromir approaches Frodo and tries to take the ring f rom him. Boromir has authority, which is being heir to the throne of Gondor, but not the supreme power that he desires.

Cultural Assimilation Essay

America is one of the countries that have rich culture. Being a large country, many people are living in it from different origins. Some migrated to this place for work or for other reasons, to experience green pastures. Since America is also in line with the latest fashion, many investors are placing their businesses in this place just to try if they can be successful with their field in this country. America is said to have all sorts of people from all over the world. Europeans, Asians, Russians and other native people are going to America for different reasons. There is a question that arises with the largeness of population of America and the variety of the people there. Is America more of a melting pot or a salad bowl? Melting point, as defined in the scientific manner is the temperature when a substance melts at a certain period of time. In the question given in this assignment, maybe the question is up to the way cultures are being transformed into something new after their migration to the state of America. And the questioning about the salad bowl might ask for the variety of the culture and kinds of people in America. To make the questions easier or in layman’s term, in what I understood about the statement, it asks if America is a place for the transformation of culture or is it a place that consists of variety of things? The site of America, in the viewpoint of other countries, is grand. Since many famous personalities came from this country, I guess it contributes with the fame of the country plus the famous infrastructures and the countries it has given influences. When people learned that life in America is great, that life here is too independent and fresh, green money could be earned, they emerged into going here for the sake of work. Maybe as time passes by, the country has become populated of people from different countries. In m opinion, America is more of a salad bowl since the culture and ideas of the people going here is not melted that nothing will be left. I guess the variety of the culture contributes in making it a salad bowl. As we all know, salad bowls are composed of different foods, fruits or vegetables, plus emulsifying agents like mayonnaise and some extenders. If people reached America, I think it will change the personalities of the people but not enabling them to lose their identities. The other culture of other people will just make it juicier but not change the composition of the culture or personality. It’s like changing a chocolate in syrup for a chocolate cake. We can see that the chocolate already mixed with the cake and it will be difficult for us to distinguish what or where the chocolate is located. Being a salad bowl, the mixture of the cultures and people in America is heterogeneous by which we can still distinguish one identity from the other, unlike with the mixture of powdered coffee and creamer where we will find difficulty of separating the two substances, a homogeneous mixture. My point here is that America really is a more of a salad bowl than a melting pot. In the set up, I guess nothing is lost. There is gain in the mixing of cultures in America since there are many things learned as cultures are being mixed. This is an advantage of it that people might learn the tastes of others and the crafts they are into. All in all, even if their journey or their stay in America changes the people a little, it is still for their better thus making them moving and motile. The personalities will not become stagnant. They will still develop into something new. White privilege might mean something that concerns the power of the white people since if we can look back in our history, white people have conquered a lot of countries in the world and this makes them as a powerful state. People see Americans or white people of high class compared to those with dark or darker skin tones. According from the article I have read, there could be culture cultivation by the time that people step in the land of America, that they will be able to penetrate, learn and apply the things that they will learn from that country thus growth will be evident. The process of cultivation is also the process of acceptance of the new resident in America. He/she should be able to learn to cope with the changes so as to live happily in America. References Cultural Assimilation And Consumption Behaviors: A Methodological Investigation. 2000. Retrieved 11 December 2007 from http://www. entrepreneur. com/tradejournals/article/68876925_3. html

How To Use Neuromarketing To Connect With Your Audience With Roger Dooley

How To Use Neuromarketing To Connect With Your Audience With Roger Dooley What triggers your readers to buy? How can you write better calls to action and get more conversions? Today we’re going to be talking to Roger Dooley, the brains behind the book Brainfluence: 100 Ways to Persuade and Convince Consumers With Neuromarketing. He also writes the Neuromarketing blog and regularly contributes to Entrepreneur and Forbes about neuromarketing. What is neuromarketing, and how can you use it to connect with your audience and get better results? That’s what we’re going to be talking to Roger about today. You won’t want to miss it! How Roger defines neuromarketing, the different types of neuromarketing, and how large and small businesses take advantage of the different types. Some of the principles of why neuromarketing techniques work, including social proof, authority, and reciprocity. Roger’s thoughts on case studies, emotions, and the words that potential customers and marketing professionals use. Why it’s important to understand your target buyer’s unconscious needs as well as their conscious needs. Roger’s best tips on building trust with your audience. How to turn your fans into buyers and how to create effective calls to action. Roger’s advice to a marketer who is just starting out in learning about and implementing some neuromarketing techniques. Links: Brainfluence Neuromarketing blog Roger on Entrepreneur Roger on Forbes Robert Cialdini’s Pre-Suasion The Persuasion Slide Perennial Seller If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Roger: â€Å"Even if you are a small business and you can’t afford to do costly studies, you do have the ability to run different kinds of tests in your app or on your website and see what works best.† â€Å"That person who’s purchasing the product may have certain conscious needs but there are also unconscious needs that the buyer probably is less concerned about.† â€Å"Behavioral psychology, in particular, is important. Those are the things that don’t cost any money to apply.†

From Fashion Producer to Fashion Retailer

From Fashion Producer to Fashion Retailer For both the retailers and manufacturers, the goal of fashion merchandising and marketing is to ensure that the merchandise is sold at a profit (Steele 295). To achieve this, one needs careful coordination and execution of the business strategies. The success of the fashion business hinges on fashion merchandising and fashion marketing. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on From Fashion Producer to Fashion Retailer specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Owing to the advances in information technology, customers all over the world have become more knowledgeable and inquisitive, due to information on the fashion industry that is readily available on the internet. It is thus important for those involved in fashion retailing to ensure that the needs and wants of their target customers have been met. In an effort to overcome this challenge, fashion manufacturers are now producing specific fashion merchandise to suit the needs of sp ecific customers (Kotler and Armstrong 81). Since fashion retailers are constantly in contact with the final customers, they are more likely to know the needs and wants of their target market. This is important in a highly competitive business environment. If fashion manufactures are not updated with the needs and wants of the end-consumer, they may lose their share of the market. In order to safeguard their market share, some fashion producers may contemplate shifting from the manufacture of fashion merchandises to retailing fashion merchandise. The research paper endeavors to examine the advantages and disadvantages associated with such a move. For a long time, fashion producers have primarily concentrated in the production of their merchandise in an easy and economical manner. A lot of money and time would be spent on consumers in an attempt to convince them that their merchandise suits the needs and wants of the consumers. However, as packaged foods, automobiles and healthy pr oducts recorded successful growth through marketing, fashion businesses also adopted this concept (Steele 296). When fashion producers switches to fashion retailers they are in close contact with their clients and as a result, this enhances the relationship that they share with their clients. This is a positive sign for good business. Principles of marketing therefore become vital for the business. Owing to the constant contact with the end-consumers, they are also likely to know the needs and wants of the customers. Consequently, they have to ensure that they provide merchandise that has been customized to suit the requirements of the market.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fashion producers are also likely to have an enhanced access to the market. They are therefore better placed to study the retail market well, thereby improving their competitiveness. Retail fashioni ng also enables one to provide branded merchandise to the market. Customers would be willing to offer premium prices for such merchandise, and this incenses the profit earnings of a fashion retailer. There is also the issue of consumer loyalty, because they are able to get what they want. Consequently, the fashion retailer is more likely to have repeat business with such customers (Steele 297). Brand orientation brings with it the dimensions of functionality, distinctiveness, symbolism, and value addition (Bridson Evans 404). As such, when a fashion retailer become more brand- oriented, he/she is likely of offer customers a greater retail offer, relative to the competition. Fashion retailers should therefore endeavor to differentiate their merchandise in such a manner as to afford them a competitive advantage in the market. On the other hand, there are also a number of disadvantages that accompanies the decision by a fashion producer to also become a fashion retailer. To start wi th, there is a shift from the core activity, in this case the production of the fashion merchandise, to retailing. A firm is more likely to success when it concentrates on its core activity, as opposed to undertaking various activities. When a firm is only concerned with its core activity, it is more likely to invest more in research and development in an attempt to ensure that its merchandises meet the needs of the consumers (McColl and Moore 97). Another disadvantage of such a move would be the added cost of advertising and undertaking numerous market surveys and research, in an effort to capture the needs and wants of the customer so that the merchandise can be produced to suit these needs. The fashion retailer now has to project sales with regard to the unit of merchandise that they want to sell. In the case of a fashion producer, he/she is required to anticipate the retailers’ needs. In the same way, we may also expect that the fashion retailer shall also have to envis ion the needs of his/her consumers (Stone 59). Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on From Fashion Producer to Fashion Retailer specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, we need to realize that the number of consumers of fashion merchandise by far outstrips the number of fashion retailers. Accordingly, this means that a fashion retailer shall have to sue more financial and human resources in an attempt to ensure that they deliver the needs of the market. There are various reasons why a fashion producer may decide to become a fashion retailer. They include the need for brad recognition, gaining a competitive advantage, and increased consumer loyalty, among others. Fashion retailing affords one constant interaction with the end-consumers, thereby enhancing the consumer-retailer relationship. However, even as a fashion retailer contemplates on becoming a fashion retailer, he/she should also be careful to ensure that they re tain the quality of their merchandise. In addition, fashion retailing may mean that one now has to deal with a specific brand. Many fashion brands are a fad that loses popularity with time. Therefore, Fashion producers should therefore not abandon the core activity of manufacturing because they may need to fall back on it. Bridson, Kerrie, and Evans, Jody. The secret of fashion advantage in brand orientation. International Journal of retail Distribution Management, 32.8(2004): 403-411 Kotler, Philip, and Gary Armstrong. Principles of Marketing. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2001. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More McColl, Julie, and Moore, Christopher. An exploration of fashion retailer own brand strategies. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 15.1(2011): 91-107 Steele, Valerie. The Berg Companion to Fashion. Oxford: Berg Publishers, 2010. Print. Stone, Elaine. The Dynamics of Fashion. New York: Fairchild Publications, 2004. Print.

Weber's and Marx Capitalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Weber's and Marx Capitalism - Essay Example This so-called Protestant ethic was the primary impulse for an almost accidental massive social phenomenon that led to the emergence of capitalism. Weber postulates that the unique characteristics of Protestantism and Calvinism were responsible for enabling society to absorb and embrace the capitalistic economic model. In his introduction he writes, A glance at the occupational statistics of any country of mixed religious composition brings to light with remarkable frequency a situation which has several times provoked discussion in the Catholic press and literature, and in Catholic congresses in Germany, namely, the fact that business leaders and owners of capital, as well as the higher grades of skilled labor, and even more the higher technically and commercially trained personnel of modern enterprises, are overwhelmingly Protestant. This is true not only in cases where the difference in religion coincides with one of nationality, and thus of cultural development, as in Eastern Germany between Germans and Poles. The same thing is shown in the figures of religious affiliation almost wherever capitalism, at t he time of its great expansion, has had a free hand to alter the social distribution of the population in accordance with its needs, and to determine its occupational structure. The more freedom it has had, the more clearly is the effect shown. It is true that the greater relative participation of Protestants in the ownership of capital, in management, and the upper ranks of labor in great modern industrial and commercial enterprises, may in part be explained in terms of historical circumstances, which extend far back into the past, and in which religious affiliation is not a cause of the economic conditions, but to a certain extent appears to be a result of them. Participation in the above economic functions usually involves some previous ownership of capital, and generally an expensive education; often both (1). This thesis (convincingly dubbed 'The Weber Thesis'), based on observations as to the distribution of Protestants in the capitalist world, essentially submits the enterprising and comparatively risky Protestant nature (perhaps a product of the then-fresh Protestant revolution) translated from the religious to the economic world, responsible for the development of the capitalistic economic model. This analysis has met with criticism from a number of academic minds. R. H. Tawney, one distinctive and well-known critic, agreed that capitalism and Protestantism were linked; however, in Religion and the Rise of Capitalism Tawney writes that Protestantism adopted the risk-taking, profit-making model from capitalism, and not that capitalism adopted these traits from Protestantism (Tawney, 1926). Sandra Pierotti continues, "The strongest connection that Tawney saw between capitalism and Protestantism was rationality. Protestantism was a revolt against traditionalism and as such advocated rationality as an approach to life and business. Tawney proposed that the rationality inherent in capitalism became a tenet of Protestantism because rationality was diametrically opposed to the traditionalism of Catholicism. Early Protestant leaders recognized that hard work and rational organization of time were capitalist virtues which fit very nicely into the concept of living one's life in the service of God. Tawney saw the capitalist concepts of division of labor and planned accumulation as being reflected in the dogma of Protestantism which urged its followers to use one's calling on earth for the greater glory of God.

Informal Class Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Informal Class Assessment - Essay Example Likewise, in the employment information, not one shares similar work. On the other hand, in terms of interests, there were three who are fond of sports; one is into hiking; two loves reading (but on different facets); one loves travelling; two are into volunteer work, and one is into art, as well as modeling. Even other noted information was vastly diverse. Due to the diversity of the group in educational background, line of employment, and interests, the topics that could be of interest to the batch could be current events, especially one that is controversial in nature; or a general topic that could appeal to all: food, health, love, or relationships, to name a few. These suggested topics could be tackled with enough authoritative research and by establishing a thesis statement to determine which point of view or contention one would propose. For instance, a current controversial topic on gun ban or gun control could be a subject of discussion based on the amount of current news articles written on the subject. One could even solicit their respective views on the subject regarding their preference for gun ban or gun control and signify one’s stance. The topic of food could also be interesting in terms of arguing whether American society has manifested a food dilemma in terms of exhibiting increasing trends on obesity despite being health conscious on nutritional contents of the food Americans regularly eat. This topic could also lead to health concerns, especially trying to determine whether advertisements pose more threats for the children in promoting food items that endanger their health. As such, despite the disparities in educational backgrounds, employment experiences, interests or hobbies, and plans for the future, there are different interesting topics that one have thought of which could spur the interest of the class as the potential

Impact of the Economic Activities of the Paper Mill Industry on the Essay

Impact of the Economic Activities of the Paper Mill Industry on the Environment - Essay Example The industry of paper production remains strong as demand for paper products continues to be high. This trend is expected to be the same in the near future even with the popularity of electronic documentation. Currently, the United States is the biggest producer, and at the same time, the biggest consumer of paper products in the world (Eldred, 2005). Most of the paper mills in the United States are concentrated in areas where there are extensive forest harvesting activities. These are usually in the Southeast, Northwest, Northeast and North Central regions (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], 2002, p. 10). Generally, paper manufacturers produce printing and writing papers, newspapers, sanitary tissue, industrial type papers, containerboard and boxboard.as finished products. The production involves the production of pulp from wood from trees or from used paper, matting the fibers into paper and then cutting and shaping the paper into the finished product. During the first part of paper production, the wood chips are dissolved and turned into fibers using chemicals or through mechanical means. The process used in dissolving the wood chips depends on the end product that the manufacturer would produce, but the majority of pulp produced is made through the bleached and unbleached kraft processes (EPA, 2002, p. 7). After the wood is converted into pulp or paper sheet, the material is laid out on a screen to remove the water, and the remaining layer of fiber is compressed into a series of rollers. The resulting type of paper is dependent on the cellulose content of the pulp and also on the thickness of the paper. The economic status of the paper industry relies heavily on the market demand for paper products. The health of the business is dependent on the overall economy, as a decline in the economy would also mean that there would be lesser office workers requiring paper (Eldred, 2005). The industry is also dependent on the condition of the newspaper, book and journal publication business, although this is not to say that the popularity of document access via the Internet would mean a decline in paper use. In fact, the easy access to materials through the Internet allows users to produce and print out materials onto paper without much effort. Because of the strong market demand, the paper industry makes it among the top 10 manufacturing industries in the United States in terms of shipment value (EPA, 2002, p. 9). Paper production requires huge capitalization on the part of operators, especially in terms of investments for plant facilities and equipment. These capital outlays are essential in eventually lowering the overall production costs of the facilities and thereby increasing the profitability of the operations. Aside from the costs incurred through facilities and equipment, paper manufacturers are also faced with costs related to environmental compliance. The environmental compliance-related costs could negatively affect the profitability of paper manufacturers as well as their competitiveness against producers based in countries with less stringent environmental laws. These additional costs could also cause increases in paper product prices The industry is al

Postgraduate Degree Statement of Purpose Essay Example for Free

Postgraduate Degree Statement of Purpose Essay Why I want to pursue Masters in Entrepreneurship and Innovation at Swinburne University I decided to pursue a master’s degree to strengthen my path in entrepreneurship and to eventually become a successful social entrepreneur. I started out my career as a graphic designer, despite my achievements in work I always feel an urge to start my own business and serve the community at large. On that account I started a new beginning for myself, first by teaching at a university and volunteering for social works. Second, with a partner I established a small independent coffee shop serving as a creative community hub and promoting homegrown coffee. I discover that I love the new activities that I’m doing. While acknowledging an even bigger aspiration to be a social entrepreneur, I became aware that it takes more than guts, street savvies and accounting books to actually run a business smoothly. My decision to get this degree abroad is because I believe to be a future leader in any field one needs to have a broad mind and to be exposed with various culture and way of thinking. I choose Australia not only because of its close ties with Indonesia, but also the people’s friendliness and multiculturalism. I was delighted to find out the Swinburne has the exact program that is suitable for my needs with, and I was more thrilled to know the Master of Entrepreneurship and Innovation has a social entrepreneurship stream option. I am confident that getting an Masters of Entrepreneurship and Innovation will not only increase my skills and potential in business, but also give me an edge for me to set up new ventures in social entrepreneurship. I hope you will give me the privilege to continue my studies at your institution.

Appalachia Culture Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many people have different views on what Appalachia is, I grew up thinking that Appalachia meant people were dirty, poor, illiterate, inbreed and we also called them mountain people. As I grew up I realized that most of the things they went through and had a hard time with, I was dealing with the same problems. So what exactly is Appalachia? Well you will find out as you read on.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Appalachia is no longer the land of severe poverty that it was three decades ago, now the poverty rate of one in 15 is close to the national average. The number of adults who have received a high school diploma has also jumped from one out of three to two out of three; and the infant death rate has been cut in half. Comparing the 391 counties in the Appalachian Regional Commission with counties outside the region that were similar to Appalachian counties in the 1960s, researchers found that Appalachian counties grew significantly faster than their counterparts. Specifically, overall income in Appalachia grew 48 percent faster; per capita income grew 17 percent faster; and population grew five percent faster.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Appalachian mountaineers have been discovered and forgotten many times. Their primitive agriculture disrupted by foragers and incessant guerrilla warfare, thousands of them straggled out of the mountains in search of food and shelter. Their plight was brought to the attention of President Lincoln, who promised that after the war a way would be found to aid the poor mountain people whom the world had bypassed and forgotten for so long. The war ended, President Lincoln was assassinated, and so therefore Appalachia was forgotten. Appalachian people are considered a separate culture, made up of many unique backgrounds - Native Americans, Irish, English and Scotch, and then a third immigration of Germans and Poles - all blended together across the region. The mountains also figure into the uniqueness of Appalachia. The mountains kept Appalachia isolated from the rest of the country and from other people's involvement in their lives that they developed a distinctive culture. (arministry.org) The life in the wilderness and the continuing isolation of Appalachian people has made us different from most other Americans. The Appalachian value system that influences attitudes and behavior is diff... ...the only major geologic event in the history of the Appalachians. Several glaciers have covered parts of the Northern Appalachians over the last three million years. (Appalachian tales) The mountains have been there ever since and that is how they were formed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So what is Appalachia? Appalachia is no different from any other person in this world. The people had to struggle just as bad as some of us did, but were criticized because they lived in the mountains or away from other people. They didn’t know that once they sold their land for the oil miners that they would loose everything and eventually be run out from their own homes. They couldn’t help being poor or not being able to go to school and get the proper education like most of us got. So why do we still have these same stereotypes now as they had before? One description was that they walked barefoot and I guess I’m part of the Appalachian region because I walk outside almost everyday barefoot even though I had my thoughts about which Appalachian people were. Appalachia is part of our history that people don’t know much about or they wouldn’t have these stereotypes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Bribery: Tammany Hall Essay

Political machines of fraud and bribery Introduction: Lincoln Steffens published the â€Å"shame of the cities† witch was a book based on the corruption in the 1900’s. By 1900, many cities in the south of America were controlled by political machines. These organizations consisted of full-time politicians whose main goal was to get and keep politicians power and money and also influence that went into it. In the 1900’s, machines were usually associated with a political party; party’s forced to join to limit competition. And although it provided aids it also stifled opportunities for many citizens. Political bosses controlled access to city jobs for example police and fire departments or on contraction projects. To get a city work contract you had to donate to the machines reelection campaign. Many business paid politicians make government not to interfere with their activities. Such payoffs became part of the cost of doing business. Muckrakers called them BRIBERY National government also suffered from corruption. For example, the constitution gave state legislatures the power to choose senators, but corporations often bribed state legislators to elect their favored candidates to the senate. The senates were really wealthy men with class ties to powerful industries. As cities and their problems grew rapidly the political environment changed. No longer did politicians run small manageable cities. These were big cities with big city problems and the government structures designed to cope with these problems grew. As the government grew it became the livelihood for many professional politicians. Some would argue that these politicians were corrupt, they would argue that they provided a needed service . he Society of St. Tammany, which was also called the Columbian Order, was founded in May 1789 (some sources say 1786). The organization took its name from Tamamend, a legendary Indian chief in the American northeast who was said to have had friendly dealings with William Penn in the 1680s. The original purpose of the Tammany Society was for discussion of politics in the new nation. The club was organized with titles and rituals based, quite loosely, on Native American lore. For instance, the leader of Tammany was known as the Grand Sachem, and the club’s headquarters was known as the wigwam. Befor long the Society of St. Tammany turned into a distinct political organization affiliated with Aaron burr, a powerful force in New York politics at the time.

Men Really are from Mars

It has been my experience that no matter how we try to alike, men and women definitely act differently, respond differently and see the world differently.   I have witnessed this behavior first hand in many of my classes. I had never noticed exactly how different we were until I started looking, and I was very surprised at how obvious it is.   My results may not be the same in every situation and I do not wish to generalize but overall and in most cases, this is what I witnessed. Firstly, in the classroom, in the learning environment the women seemed to â€Å"physically† be paying attention.   They made almost constant eye contact with the professor, took notes and watched every movement.   In contrast, the men, although paid attention, did not appear as â€Å"physical† about it.   They listened but very differently.   The women's listening skills were very active.   They watched, and gestured in agreement (when they agreed) and made notes while almost never losing eye contact.   The men, also took notes, but seemed to be able to do so without watching the professor or even appearing to be listening.   When something noteworthy was said, the women scribbled feverishly, but the men seemed to jot it down.   Again, this was not 100% the case, but obvious enough to notice and mention. The opposite happened, however, when the students spoke in class. When a male was asked to speak, he stood up very tall and also very exaggerated.   His shoulders broadened, his voice deepened and he appeared very serious.   Most of the males that spoke also gestured with their hands to emphasize their point.   Their voices were louder than necessary as they directed their answer to the professor.   In contrast, when a female spoke, her voice was quiet and she appeared to speak to the class as opposed to just the teacher.   I also never saw any female gesture dramatically with her hands or talk louder than necessary. Before class, when the atmosphere was more social, I also noticed several distinct differences between the males and the females.   The males grouped together and were again loud and sometimes obnoxious with language and jokes.   In this setting their actions were overly dramatic and it seemed they wanted everyone to hear what they were saying, whether they were in the conversation or not.   Also, when they grouped together to talk, almost 100% of the time, only males were in the group. Again, in sharp contrast was the way the females socialized.   Although they mainly talked to other women, at times, they did include men, and they spoke very quietly.   Their conversations were not â€Å"locker room talk†, but instead about the last assignment, or the current subject.   Even when they did speak socially, I didn't hear any crude jokes or obscenities.   This is not to say they didn't occur, just that if they did, because the women spoke so much quieter I couldn't hear them. After class was again a huge difference.   The men gathered up their books (many times early) and left the classroom quickly, again loudly and with friends.   The women took their time, waited for the crowd to disperse and walked slowly out of the room.   Many of them even stopped to talk to the professor on the way out, and some of them waited for friends in the hallway.   The differences were as obvious as night and day, and ones that I had never really noticed before. In every situation I witnessed the differences in men and women were so obvious I was shocked that I hadn't noticed them before.   The men not only talked to each other differently, but seemed to hear each other differently as well.   The women seemed to genuinely listen and even ask questions about the material.   Again, I don't mean to generalize as some men did ask questions, but overall it was the women who asked more questions about the material.   Also when a male asked a question, he usually blurted it out and did not look around to see if anyone else had a question.   It's difficult to point that out because although that was the case, it did not appear rude at the time, or selfish.   The women accepted it, the professor accepted it.   It was as if, it was not obvious to anyone, except me, and only because I was watching their behavior. I think these differences are huge, and I can fully understand why they say men are Mars and women are from Venus.   It really is as if we see things totally differently, to the extent where sometimes I wondered if we were all hearing the same material and in the same room.   It was that obvious.   I also think we need to be more aware of these differences and work to understand them.   This effort could result in far fewer arguments and much more peaceful relationship among us.      

How To Outline A Memoir A 3-Step Guide To Organization

How To Outline A Memoir A 3-Step Guide To Organization How to Outline Your Memoir (in 3 Powerful Steps) For aspiring memoirists, one of the trickiest hurdles comes after the beginning moment of inspiration. You get the brilliant idea to write a memoir, sit down at your computer all ready to spill out your story, and†¦you realize you don’t know how to start.Now you might be hit by a flurry of doubts:Where should I begin writing my life-story?How do I know what to include in my memoir?How can I make sure that other people want to read about me and my story?If you’re asking these questions, the solution is simple: write an outline. In this post, we look at how you can turn your assorted memories into a rock-solid outline that will make it that much easier to write (and publish!) your memoir.Why outline?According to Zadie Smith, there are two types of writers in the world: micro managers and macro managers. They are sometimes known as plotters and pantsers. If you’re the former, you may already have started outlining your memoir in your head - so skip ahead to th e next section for concrete tips and get the ball rolling on your outline.If you’re a pantser (someone who writes â€Å"by the seat of their pants†), you may need convincing as to the benefits of outlining. In a nutshell: a week of outlining now could save you a year of torturous revision down the road. Outlining - and figuring out such things as theme and scope - can give your story a sense of purpose before you even start writing it. It’s particularly important for memoirists to have a firm grasp on this before entering the drafting stage. Otherwise, they’re particularly susceptible to simply spilling unstructured memories on paper. Tip: 1 week of outlining now can save you 1 year of torturous revision in the future. As you write your memoir, you may recall another compelling moment from your life or come to an epiphany that might change the thematic direction of your memoir. You should never hesitate to explore them. However, a â€Å"goal without a plan is just a wish,† as Antoine de Saint-Exupà ©ry said. It’s good to spend some time on an outline and have an initial roadmap in front of you, so that you know in which direction you’re heading - and what point you’re trying to make.